Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Diğer, ss.62-71, 2023
Abstract
Paulo Freire, a distinguished philosopher and author in the field of education, has dedicated his entire career to the enhancement of literacy, particularly amongst those marginalized from educational opportunities. In his Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Freire provides comprehensive case studies and comparisons, chiefly based on his personal experiences, of two primary educational paradigms observed in scholastic environments: the banking model and the problem-posing model of education. Freire eschews the banking model of education — a paradigm entrenched in rote memorization — in favour of the problem-posing model. The former operates on the assumption that students are passive recipients of knowledge, with the educators playing an active role. Consequently, students’ educational experiences are typically characterized by the unquestioned acceptance of the imparted knowledge. In contrast, in the problem-posing model, students play an active role. This alternative model of education challenges the traditional precept that the teacher instructs while the student absorbs. Freire links these pedagogical models to the contrasting ‘Dialogic’ and ‘Anti-dialogic’ states in educational practices. The banking model, with its passive learners and teacher-centric approach, fosters an ‘Anti-dialogic’ state, with learners relegated to the role of objects rather than active participants. Conversely, the problem- posing model champions dialogue as a vital component of education, situating the learners as subjects who are active in their educational journey. Freire asserts that true liberation is unattainable in an environment devoid of meaningful interaction. In examining this notion further, he highlights that dehumanization is not a recent phenomenon but has historical roots. He employs the term ‘dehumanization’ to include not only those who have been robbed of their humanity but also those responsible for the theft. In this struggle, characterized as the ‘quest for humanization’, Freire asserts that it falls upon the oppressed to liberate both themselves and their oppressors.