Prognostic role of delta radiomics in pediatric pontine diffuse midline gliomas

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Bıyıklı E., Aybal T., Aslan B., Gül D., Eker N., Atasoy B. M., ...Daha Fazla

JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY, cilt.176, sa.206, ss.1-9, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

Özet

Purpose Pontine diffuse midline gliomas (PDMGs) are among the most lethal pediatric brain tumors with a median survival

of approximately one year. Reliable prognostic markers are needed to guide treatment strategies and inform families. Our

study aims to investigate the prognostic utility of delta-radiomic features in PDMGs.

Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed 35 pediatric patients with PDMG diagnosed between 2012 and 2020,

all treated with radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. Pre- and post-treatment MRI (T1-weighted,

T2-weighted, and ADC maps) were subjected to manual segmentation and texture feature extraction using MaZda software.

Delta radiomics features were calculated as ratios between post- and pre-treatment values. Diagnostic performance for predicting

survival below or above 12 months was assessed using ROC analysis, while overall survival was further evaluated

with Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models.

Results Median overall survival was 13 months (range: 6–69). Among baseline features, only sum average from non-contrast

T1 was significant, with lower values (indicating higher heterogeneity) associated with shorter OS. In the post-radiotherapy

setting, sum entropy from T1 images emerged as an independent prognostic predictor, with higher values correlating with

longer OS. Delta radiomics parameters, particularly sum entropy derived from T1 and T2 sequences, yielded higher AUC

values than single post-treatment features, suggesting superior prognostic accuracy.

Conclusion Our preliminary results indicate that delta-radiomics outperforms static texture analysis in predicting overall

survival in pediatric PDMGs, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the prognostic utility of

delta-radiomics in this population. Evidence is provided that delta radiomics can serve as a non-invasive marker for early

prognostic stratification in pediatric PDMGs. Validation in larger, multi-center cohorts is required to confirm its clinical

utility.