Stem cells, bioengineering, and 3D scaffolds for neural tissue engineering

BIOMATERIALS FOR NEURAL TISSUE ENGINEERING, O.Gunduz,C.B.Ustundağ,M.Sengör, Editör, Elsevier Science, Oxford/Amsterdam , California, ss.315-342, 2023

The incidence of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease

(AD), Huntington disease (HD), and Parkinson disease (PD) is rapidly

increasing worldwide. In some cases, neuronal loss occurs through

endogenous suicide, while in some cases dysfunction may occur rather than

neuronal loss [1]. Tissue-engineered scaffolds have been proposed to

develop cell-based therapies for neuron repair. Biomaterials are important

for their potential to restore tissue structure, enable cells to survive and

differentiate, and support the integration of most endogenous as well as

transplanted stem cells [2]. Biomaterials are considered to have properties

that imitate the microenvironment of the regular extracellular matrix

(ECM), exhibiting molecular compatibility, high porosity, and favorable

mechanical strength [3]. In this way, a synthetic environment can serve as a

3D scaffold to maintain the attachment and proliferation of stem cells [4].

Compared with conventional biomaterials, stem cell communication biomaterials

can be synthesized to meet the demands of various cell types due

to the existence of bioactive signals [5].

Increasing demand for the cure of nerve