Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Iran Journal of Computer Science, cilt.6, sa.4, ss.419-430, 2023 (Scopus)
In the electronics industry, flawless manufacturing of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is essential for producing high-quality consumer electronics products. This paper presents a real-time image processing method that uses field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to detect missing components, which is a critical type of failure in surface mount devices (SMDs) on PCBs. FPGAs can perform multiple parallel operations on the same clock signal, allowing for real-time image processing through high-speed data transfer. The OV7670 image sensor is used to capture the PCB image. With the VHDL code embedded in the FPGA, a PCB image in RGB444 format and a size of 320 × 240 is taken from the sensor. During the image acquisition process, median and gaussian filters are used to remove noise components and improve image quality. Additionally, an LED lighting ring is used to further reduce noise components. User keys on the FPGA allow for filter selection, the selection of the number of filters, and the display of missing components on the VGA monitor. The missing component selection displays any missing components using soldered fields. This process aims to eliminate human error and achieve faultless production without manual inspection, saving time and reducing costs in the production process.