Sustainable NIPU coatings based on carbonated linseed oil and cardanol: synthesis and thermo-mechanical performance
Polymer Bulletin, cilt.83, sa.12, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 83 Sayı: 12
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s00289-026-06715-9
- Dergi Adı: Polymer Bulletin
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bio-based polymers, Cardolite NC514S, CO₂ utilization, Cyclic carbonates, Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU), Vegetable oil
- Marmara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
In this study, fully bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) were synthesized from cyclic carbonated linseed oil (CCLSO) and cyclic carbonated Cardolite® NC514S (CCNC514S) using the renewable diamine Priamine™ 1071. Cyclic carbonates were produced via catalytic CO₂ insertion into bio-based epoxides using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), followed by solvent-free polyaddition to form crosslinked NIPU networks. The physicochemical, thermal, mechanical, and surface properties of the resulting hybrid systems were comprehensively characterized. Gel content values of 83–85% indicated well-developed three-dimensional networks with minimal dependence on the CCLSO/CCNC514S ratio. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed single-step degradation between 300 and 500 °C, with degradation onset and mid-point temperatures ranging from 270 to 455 °C, confirming high thermal stability. Low char yields (0.22–0.31%) were attributed to residual inorganic catalyst components. Differential scanning calorimetry showed an increase in glass transition temperature from −17.2 °C to −11.2 °C with increasing CCNC514S content, indicating enhanced chain rigidity. Mechanical testing demonstrated increased elastic modulus (0.26–0.39 MPa), yield strength (0.31–0.42 MPa), and toughness (24.6–29.3 J), accompanied by a moderate reduction in elongation at break. Surface analyses revealed hydrophilic contact angles (72–88°), high gloss (> 100 GU), improved hardness, excellent adhesion, and superior corrosion resistance in salt-spray testing for CCNC514S-rich formulations.