Human dental mesenchymal stem cells restorate immune response in sera of pemphigus vulgaris patients


ÖZGEN Z., Duran Y., Ergun T., Göker K., Senem Kiliç S., AKKOÇ T.

Archives of Dermatological Research, cilt.316, sa.9, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 316 Sayı: 9
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s00403-024-03358-6
  • Dergi Adı: Archives of Dermatological Research
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Anti-desmoglein, CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg, DF-MSCs, Mesenchymal stem cell, Pemphigus
  • Marmara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Pemphigus is an IgG-mediated autoimmune condition characterized by autoantibodies targeting desmogleins, leading to acantholysis. Current treatments, including systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, are associated with significant adverse effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising alternative due to their immunomodulatory properties and low immunogenicity. This study evaluates the immunomodulatory effects of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells (DF-MSCs) obtained from healthy donors on Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients and healthy controls by examining T-cell proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine levels, and anti-desmoglein 1/3 IgG profiles. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from twenty-one symptomatic PV patients and eleven healthy volunteers. DF-MSCs were characterized and differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were co-cultured with DF-MSCs, and various assays were conducted to evaluate T-cell proliferation, apoptosis, regulatory T cells, cytokine expression, and autoantibody levels. Results showed that DF-MSC co-cultures significantly reduced lymphocyte proliferation (43.58–16.27%), IL-4 (38.06 ng/L to 32.26 ng/L), TNF-α (32.45 ng/L to 29.41 ng/L), and DSG1 (3.29 ng/ml to 3.00 ng/ml) and DSG3 (262.40 ng/ml to 245.08 ng/ml) levels in PV patients. An increase in regulatory T cells (1.22–3.75%), IL-10 (47.46 pg/ml to 54.94 pg/ml), and IFN-γ (12.39 ng/ml to 19.70 ng/ml) was also observed. No significant changes were noted in healthy controls. These findings suggest that DF-MSCs could potentially offer a curative approach for treating pemphigus by restoring immune balance. However, further clinical trials are necessary to confirm their efficacy.