SAM molecular stacking with heterogeneous orientation for high-performance perovskite photovoltaics

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Huang L., Wang K., Chen Z., Su Z., Murodzoda S., Chen X., ...Daha Fazla

Chem, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.chempr.2026.102941
  • Dergi Adı: Chem
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: heterogeneous molecular orientation, hole transport, perovskite photovoltaics, SAM
  • Marmara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The inability to achieve uniform hole transport with solution-processed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) constitutes a fundamental bottleneck for scaling perovskite photovoltaics. Herein, we demonstrate that thermal-evaporated SAMs (eSAMs) overcome this limitation by enabling precise thickness control. Crucially, a thickened eSAM spontaneously forms a vertical-to-horizontal gradient in molecular orientation, which creates a descending energy barrier that directionally facilitates hole transport. This tailored interface also ensures excellent surface coverage and directs the growth of high-quality perovskite films. Consequently, the resultant photovoltaic devices set new benchmarks, delivering impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 21.46% (small-area, 0.108 cm2) and 19.38% (large-area module, 15.52 cm2) for fully vacuum-evaporated devices, while also setting an impressive PCE of 23.67% for eSAM-based devices with solution-processed perovskites. This new strategy effectively addresses the critical challenge of scalable SAM deposition, positioning eSAM as a key enabler for the industrial advancement of perovskite photovoltaics.