TDI-Based Urethane Diacrylate Reinforced Silicon-Acrylate Resins for LCD 3D Printing
El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, cilt.13, sa.1, ss.49-58, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 13 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.31202/ecjse.1633913
- Dergi Adı: El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.49-58
- Anahtar Kelimeler: LCD 3D printing, mechanical properties, reactive diluent, silicon acrylate resin, TDI-based urethane diacrylate
- Marmara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This study investigates the mechanical performance enhancement of silicon-based acrylate resins through the incorporation of a novel HEMA-terminated TDI-based urethane diacrylate (HTH), synthesized via the reaction of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The HTH monomer was blended with dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA) at varying ratios (20–100%) and integrated into a silicon diacrylate matrix to prepare photocurable resin formulations for LCD-type 3D printing. Mechanical characterization—including tensile, impact, and hardness tests— revealed significant enhancements compared to the control (Si-HTH0). The tensile strength increased from 3.7 MPa (Si-HTH0) to 14.6 MPa (Si-HTH100), while Young’s modulus improved from 61.2 MPa to 186.4 MPa. The elongation at break reached a maximum of 11.8% at Si-HTH60, and impact resistance peaked at 3.7 kJ/m² for this formulation. Shore D hardness increased from 34 to 60 with rising HTH content. SEM analysis revealed a transition from brittle to ductile fracture with increasing HTH content. The Si-HTH60 sample exhibited river-like patterns and rougher fracture surfaces, indicating enhanced energy absorption. The 100% HTH sample (Si-HTH100) displayed a fibrous, porous morphology and the highest strength and stiffness, albeit with reduced ductility. These findings confirm that aromatic urethane acrylates li ke HTH significantly improve the mechanical properties of silicon-acrylate resins, offering a promising pathway for high-performance LCD 3D printing applications.