Tezhip Sanatı Bağlamında XIV-XVI. Yüzyıl Kur'an-ı Kerim Nüshalarında Mushaf Gülleri

The medallion-patterned ornaments made on the sides of the pages in the Qur'an are called mushaf roses. These decorations are made in such an order that the reader or writer can determine the place where they are reading. There are 114 surahs in a mushaf. In these surahs, a hamsa rose is seen in every five verses, and an ashara rose in every ten verses. A mushaf is divided into 30 juz and faction. And nisif and juz roses are used in dividing the juz. Apart from these, the medallion-patterned ornament is made to indicate the location of the sajdah verses, and it was called the sajdah rose. In the art of illumination, decorations called zahriyah roses, serlevha roses, sûrebashi roses and hatima roses in the early period mushafs took their place apart from those.

All types of mushaf roses that we encounter in the art of illumination appear in mushafs copied in the XIV- XVI centuries. For this reason, these centuries were preferred for research. The mushaf roses of the 14th century manuscripts with inventory numbers TSMK EH 151 and TİEM 73, SK Pertevniyal 19 and SK Sultanahmed I, 13, which are thought to be XV century, SK Nuruosmaniye 17, SK Laleli 16 inventory numbers belonging to the XVI century were chosen for this papaer. The typological change of Mushaf roses from the XIV century to the end of the XVI century has been researched, and information has been given about the areas of use and the tasks they have undertaken. In the context of illumination art, the pattern has been evaluated in terms of technique and color.

It has been concluded that the zahriye, serlevha, sûrebashi and hatima roses, which we encounter in the early period mushaf decorations, have not been seen since the 15th century. Mushaf rose decorations were applied in harmony with the motif, color, technique, workmanship and illumination concept used throughout the mushaf.