Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
3rd INTERNATIONAL EURASIAN MYCOLOGY CONGRESS (EMC’22), Van, Türkiye, 7 - 09 Eylül 2022, ss.127-128, (Özet Bildiri)
Mushrooms have long been used as an important food source and traditional medicine over the world. Health-promoting properties of mushrooms such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, cholesterol-lowering, and immunostimulatory effects have been reported. Mushrooms are rich in bioactive metabolites with high therapeutic properties such as lectins, polysaccharides, phenolics and polyphenolics, terpenoids, ergosterol, and flexible organic compounds. Lycoperdon pyriforme Schaeff. (Agaricaceae) known as pear-shaped puffball or stump puffball, is a worldwide macro-mushroom. It is considered edible if it is not yet ripe and the flesh inside is white. It is 1.5–4.5 cm wide and 2- 4.5 cm high and grows mainly in areas covered with pine trees. According to previous studies, the mushroom has antimicrobial, antioxidant, esterase, and nematicidal activities. Additionally, ergosta-5,7-dien-3-ol, 7,22-ergostadienone, ergosterol, ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol, fungisterol, ergosterol peroxide, β-sitosterol, 4-methoxy-benzene-1- azoformamide, 4-methoxybenzene-1-ONN-azoxyformamide, 3,5-dichloro-4-methoxybenzene1-ONN-azoxyformide were isolated from the mushroom before. In this study, in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and anatomical properties of L. pyriforme have been evaluated. Lycoperdon pyriforme was collected in Bolu, Türkiye, on October 5, 2021. The mushroom was authenticated by Ilgaz AKATA. The methanolic extract (LPM) was prepared from L. pyriforme by maceration, then the main extract was solved with distilled water (LPW) and fractionated with n-hexane (LPH), dichloromethane (LPD), ethyl acetate (LPEA), and nbutanol (LPB). α-Glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activities of mushroom were evaluated for in vitro antidiabetic activity. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Additionally, total phenolic content was determined. The antimicrobial activity of the mushroom was determined by using microdilution methods against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (CLSI, 2006; CLSI, 2008). Anatomy studies on the spore of mushroom were performed by using electron microscopy. According to antioxidant studies, LPEA displayed the best radical scavenging activity with 78.59% against ABTS (90.13% for α-tocopherol, and 96.60% for trolox) at 60 μg/mL and 11.57% against DPPH (91.96% for α-tocopherol, and 93.32 % for trolox) at 100 μg/mL. The total phenolic content (μg GAE/mg extract) range was found as LPEA (20.50) > LPM (17.38) > LPW (14.81) > LPB (13.13) > LPD (9.50) > LPH (7.56) as parallel to antioxidant assays. The extracts showed no inhibition against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes when compared with acarbose. In antimicrobial activity assay, LPM, LPH, LPD, and LPB extracts displayed activity with 250 μg/mL MIC values against E. coli, the LPD extract showed the best activity with 125 μg/mL MIC value against S. aureus, and LPH, LPD, LPE, and LPB extracts displayed activity with 125 μg/mL MIC values against C. albicans. According to anatomy studies, the shape of the spore of the mushroom was found as spheroidal, and the size of the spore was determined as 2.5-3.5 μm. It is the first evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of this mushroom. In a study, the methanolic extract of the mushroom showed antibacterial and antioxidant activities as in our study. It is seen that the phenolic compounds are responsible for the biological effects.
KEYWORDS: Lycoperdon pyriforme, Agaricaceae, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, total phenolic