Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
3rd INTERNATIONAL EURASIAN MYCOLOGY CONGRESS (EMC’22), Van, Türkiye, 7 - 09 Eylül 2022, ss.118-119, (Özet Bildiri)
Oxidants are produced from mitochondria as well as from many endogenous and exogenous sources. In a healthy organism, oxidants and antioxidants are in balance. However, in some cases, the increase in the oxidant level is of vital importance for living things. Because the increase in oxidants can cause many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory and excretory disorders, cancer, diabetes, aging, sperm dysfunction and infertility. Some mushrooms can be effective in maintaining this balance thanks to the effective compounds they contain. Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer, commonly known as chicken mushroom, is an edible mushroom of the family Lyophylaceae, which has a radish-like flavor and grows in clusters on rotting debris. The aim of our study is to evaluate and compare L. decastes extracts in terms of antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial effects and total phenolic compound. After being dried and powdered under suitable conditions, this mushroom weighing 50 grams was macerated with methanol at room temperature. The main methanol extract prepared by magnetic mixer was evaporated in the rotavapor and then fractionated by treating with solvents of different polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol). Sub-fractions were also obtained after all fractions were evaporated. All extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by ABTS• and DPPH• methods, and phenolic content using Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent (FCR) with slight modifications. In the antioxidant activity tests, α-tocopherol (TK) and trolox (TR) were used as standard. The total phenolic compound amounts of the extracts were expressed as gallic acid equivalents in µg/ml. Determination of α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Enzyme Inhibition: In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assays were carried out according to method of Tao et al. 2013, in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity was determined by the method of Nampoothiri et al. 2011 with slight modification. All of this experiments acarbose was preferred as the standard. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by microdilution method with some modifications against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Moxifloxacin, ampicillin, and fluconazole used as standard were prepared at 128 µg/ml. Morphological examination of fungal spores was made in a Jeol JSM 6490LV scanning electron microscope at the Turkish Petroleum International Company (TPAO) Research Center SEM laboratory in Ankara. The extracts of L. decastes, aqueous extract (A) extract showed highest activity compared to methanol extract (M), n-hexane (H), dichloromethane (D), ethyl acetate (E) and n-butanol (B) extract. [(TR)96.5>(TK)90.1>(A)44.8>(E)30.3>(B)25.6>(M)7.1>(D)4.7>(H)2.3 %; at 60 μg/ml for ABTS)]. [(TR)93.3>(TK)91.9>(A)9.3>(E)9.1>(B)7.0>(M)4.5>(D)3.2>(H)1.1 %; at 100 μg/ml for DPPH)]. Total phenolic compound test results for L. decastes [(A)15.0>(E)10.1>(B)9.9>(M)8.2>(D)4.9 µg GAE/ mg extract]. n-Hexane extract did not show any effect. In the α-glucosidase and α- amylase inhibitory activity of L. decastes extracts, acarbose (A) was used as standard. The dichloromethane extract of L. decastes showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory effect [(A)56.6>(E)3.4; at 5000 µg/ml)]. The methanol extract of L. decastes showed the highest α-amylase inhibitory effect [(A)38.7>(M)10.8>(H)6.2; at 5000 µg/ml)]. No significant activity was observed in the other extracts. All of the extracts showed similar antimicrobial activity. n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts were found to be effective against C. albicans (MIC=125 µg/ml). The spore shape is sphenoid and its size is 0.5-1 µm. In a conclusion; our results should be useful in future studies about this species. Acknowledgement: BİLGE AYDIN and Enes TEKMAN would like to acknowledge the scholarship during their postgraduate program provided by the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK).
KEYWORDS: Lyophyllum decastes, antioxidant, diabetes, antimicrobial, morphologic analysis