Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer, A Review on Enzalutamide and cancer

ERDOĞAN B., KÖSTEK O., HACIOĞLU M. B.

EURASIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND ONCOLOGY, cilt.2, sa.3, ss.121-129, 2018 (Hakemli Dergi) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 2 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2018
  • Doi Numarası: 10.14744/ejmo.2018.72098
  • Dergi Adı: EURASIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND ONCOLOGY
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Other Indexes
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.121-129
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Breast cancer, enzalutamide, prostate cancer, ANDROGEN RECEPTOR EXPRESSION, OPEN-LABEL, ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY, CASTRATION, BICALUTAMIDE, SAFETY, MONOTHERAPY, EFFICACY, RESISTANCE, OUTCOMES
  • Marmara Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır

Özet

Prostate carcinoma is androgen-dependent, and therefore the main target of treatment is lowering androgen levels. Medical or surgical castration, androgen receptor-blocking agents, androgen-synthesis inhibitors, chemotherapy, sipuleucel-T, and radium-223 are treatment options. Enzalutamide is a relatively new androgen-signaling inhibitor that has 5 to 8 times greater affinity for the androgen receptor ( AR) than bicalutamide. Enzalutamide does not demonstrate agonistic activity on ARs. Enzalutamide induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Enzalutamide is effective in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in patients with progression after docetaxel treatment and in chemotherapy-naive patients. Enzalutamide is also superior to the commonly used AR blocking agent bicalutamide in chemotherapy-naive metastatic and non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Its efficacy has been proven in hormonenaive patients, and several trials are ongoing. Enzalutamide has a favorable side effect profile and improves quality of life and pain scores. There are ongoing studies examining the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide on other several AR-expressing tumors.